In 1952, Barthes settled at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, where he studied lexicology and sociology. During this time, he contributed to the leftist Parisian paper Combat, out of which grew his first full-length work, Writing Degree Zero (1953). In 1948, he returned to purely academic work, gaining numerous short-term positions at institutes in France, Romania, and Egypt. He received a diplôme d'études supérieures (roughly equivalent to an MA by thesis) from the University of Paris in 1941 for his work in Greek tragedy.
His life from 1939 to 1948 was largely spent obtaining a licence in grammar and philology, publishing his first papers, taking part in a medical study, and continuing to struggle with his health. They also exempted him from military service during World War II. His repeated physical breakdowns disrupted his academic career, affecting his studies and his ability to take qualifying examinations. He was plagued by ill health throughout this period, suffering from tuberculosis, which often had to be treated in the isolation of sanatoria. In 1924, Barthes' family moved to Paris, though his attachment to his provincial roots would remain strong throughout his life.īarthes showed great promise as a student and spent the period from 1935 to 1939 at the Sorbonne, where he earned a licence in classical literature. His mother, Henriette Barthes, and his aunt and grandmother raised him in the village of Urt and the city of Bayonne. His father, naval officer Louis Barthes, was killed in a battle during World War I in the North Sea before Barthes's first birthday. Roland Barthes was born on 12 November 1915 in the town of Cherbourg in Normandy. During his academic career he was primarily associated with the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) and the Collège de France. His ideas explored a diverse range of fields and influenced the development of many schools of theory, including structuralism, anthropology, literary theory, and post-structuralism.īarthes is perhaps best known for his 1957 essay collection Mythologies, which contained reflections on popular culture, and 1967 essay " The Death of the Author," which critiqued traditional approaches in literary criticism. His work engaged in the analysis of a variety of sign systems, mainly derived from Western popular culture.
Roland Gérard Barthes ( / b ɑːr t/ French: 12 November 1915 – 26 March 1980 ) was a French literary theorist, essayist, philosopher, critic, and semiotician.
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